Mov Disord. 2015 Jul 6. doi: 10.1002/mds.26291. [Epub ahead of print]
Exercise Improves Cognition in Parkinson’s Disease: The PRET-PD Randomized, Clinical Trial.
David FJ1, Robichaud JA2, Leurgans SE3, Poon C1, Kohrt WM4, Goldman JG5, Comella CL5, Vaillancourt DE6, Corcos DM1,5.
Author information
1Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
2Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
3Departments of Neurological Sciences and Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
4Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
5Department of Neurological Sciences, Section of Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
6Departments of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
This article reports on the findings of the effect of two structured exercise interventions on secondary cognitive outcomes that were gathered as part of the Progressive Resistance Exercise Training in Parkinson’s disease (PD) randomized, controlled trial.
METHODS:
This study was a prospective, parallel-group, single-center trial. Fifty-one nondemented patients with mild-to-moderate PD were randomly assigned either to modified Fitness Counts (mFC) or to Progressive Resistance Exercise Training (PRET) and were followed for 24 months. Cognitive outcomes were the Digit Span, Stroop, and Brief Test of Attention (BTA).
RESULTS:
Eighteen patients in mFC and 20 patients in PRET completed the trial. At 12 and at 24 months, no differences between groups were observed. At 12 months, relative to baseline, mFC improved on the Digit Span (estimated change: 0.3; interquartile range: 0, 0.7; P = 0.04) and Stroop (0.3; 0, 0.6; P = 0.04), and PRET improved only on the Digit Span (0.7; 0.3, 1; P < 0.01). At 24 months, relative to baseline, mFC improved on the Digit Span (0.7; 0.3, 1.7; P < 0.01) and Stroop (0.3; 0.1, 0.5; P = 0.03), whereas PRET improved on the Digit Span (0.5; 0.2, 0.8; P < 0.01), Stroop (0.2; -0.1, 0.6; P = 0.048), and BTA (0.3; 0, 0.8; P = 0.048). No neurological or cognitive adverse events were observed.
CONCLUSIONS:
This study provides class IV level of evidence that 24 months of PRET or mFC may improve attention and working memory in nondemented patients with mild-to-moderate Parkinson’s disease.
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